Human Nervous System


 
 
Concept Explanation
 

Human Nervous System

Human Nervous System:

The nervous system is concerned with receiving stimuli from the external or internal environment of the body, interpreting the stimuli and producing the appropriate response to these stimuli. It consist of two parts : 

  • Central Nervous System: It consist of Brain and spinal cord.
  • Peripheral Nervous System : It is consist of Autonomic nervous system and somatic nervous system. Autonomic nervous system controls all the involuntary activities of the body whereas somatic nervous system controls all the voluntary activities. 
  • Two types of cells constitute the nervous system : neurons and neuroglia. The neurons conduct impulses and the neuroglia support and protect the neurons.
  • Nervous system are found in most multicellular animals, but vary greatly in complexity. Sponges have no nervous system.
  • The nervous system performs the following three functions:

  • Sensory input, that is, the detection of stimuli by the receptors, or sense organs (e.g., eyes, ears, skin, nose and tongue). This input is received by sensory neurons. They are found in sense organs.
  • Transmission of this input by nerve impulses to the brain and spinal cord, which generate an appropriate response.
  • Motor output, that is, carrying out of the response by muscles or glands, which are called effectors. The neurons that take up this response are called as Motor neurons. They send impulses from central nervous system towards effectors, in response to stimuli.
  • Human Nervous System : - The human nervous system consists of :

    (1) Central Nervous System (CNS)

    (2)Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

    Sample Questions
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    Question : 1

    Grey matter is composed of

    Right Option : C
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    Explanation
    Question : 2

    The nerves which carry message from brain to effector organs are called _________________

    Right Option : B
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    Explanation
    Question : 3

    Neurons that transmit impulses from the central nervous system towards the muscle cells are called _______________

    Right Option : B
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    Explanation
     
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